This ticket is being opened as a possible regression of this case:
https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CONF-30711

On certain PDF files that contains graphics, the JVM crashes when you try to set a PDF View File Macro to view the file, exactly as the bug noted above.

This was tested on Confluence 5.1.5 and 5.7, using the JDK 1.7.0_75 and JDK 1.8.0_40.

Workaround

1. Upgrade to Confluence 5.7
2. Disable the viewpdf macro:
   • Go to Confluence Admin > Manage Add ons
   • Select System add ons from the drop down
   • Search for Office Connector
   • Expand the modules
   • Disable the viewpdf and viewpdf-legacy modules
3. Now you will be able to view the page without it crashing
4. Edit the page and use the new Files thumbnail viewer to display the file, by going to Insert > Files and Attachments, and selecting the PDF
   • For more information see 'Displaying a file as a thumbnail or a link' here
5. Re-enable the viewpdf and viewpdf-legacy modules of the Office Connector if desired