Summary

As a user, I would like to be able to display specific custom field values for each transition, similarly to the jira.field.resolution.include and jira.field.resolution.exclude properties. An example could be jira.field.customfield_XXXXX.include or exclude.

An extension to this would also include edit-denied functionality on a custom field. 

Workaround

At this time if you want to prevent fields from being edited when they reach a certain status, you could consider one of the following workarounds to achieve something similar:

• Use the jira.issue.editable workflow property in the target status to prevent the issue from being edited in that status itself. That will prevent users from editing other custom fields though
• Or try to implement something like what is described in this KB: How to only allow certain fields to be editable depending on Status
  • The idea is to remove the field from the edit screen and add it to a transition screen that will be locked when the status reaches the status where you want to lock the custom field
  • Here is a recording I made to show how to implement that: lock field edit in a status.mp4

These are just possible alternatives though, they will not necessarily achieve what you are looking for exactly.