The Arabic language is read in reverse to Western languages such as English, meaning that instead of being read from left-right, (as with English), Arabic is read from right-left.

Confluence handles Arabic script without problems and can display the correct behavior on the page, but the PDF Export function in Confluence exports Arabic script the wrong way around, (treating it as if it should be read from left-right), making it bizarre and unreadable for Arabic speakers.

A screenshot from the page with the expected output and a PDF with the actual output is attached to this ticket for comparison.

Using the PDF CSS customization attribute "direction: RTL" will also not help in this case.

As the export to Word works as expected, the potential workaround can be to export the page to Word and then save it as a PDF.